Coagulant and anticoagulant drugs powerpoint ppt presentations. Pharmacologyanticoagulants wikibooks, open books for an. They are being increasingly used instead of warfarin or other vitamin k antagonists vkas. Its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic pkpd properties are shown in tables 1 and 2. Identify purpose and use of anticoagulant, antiplatelet, and thromboembolytic agents. First, there is no potentially deleterious immunologic interaction between these agents and hit antibodies. It takes several days after initiation of warfarin therapy to reduce factor ii and thus warfarin and heparin need to overlap for approximately 45 days when starting therapy. Stroke and myocardial infarction rank among the most frequent causes of death due to cardiovascular diseases.
However, for adequate anticoagulation one needs to reduce the other coagulation factors appropriately, including factor ii prothrombin which has a 60 hour half life. Dabigatran is a selective, competitive, direct inhibitor of thrombin factor iia while. Antithrombotic drugs, which include antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies, prevent and treat many cardiovascular disorders and, as such, are some of the most commonly prescribed drugs worldwide. The anticoagulant mechanism of lunathrombase appears to differ from that of the currently available anticoagulant drugs such as heparin and.
Syed shariq naeem, senior resident doctor, department of clinical pharmacology, maulana azad medical college, new delhi india download to play animations. Antiplatelet, anticoagulant and thrombolytic drugs at. Top 5 anticoagulants used in hematology laboratory biology. Platelet function returns to normal within 12 weeks as new platelets replace. Ppt pharmacology powerpoint presentation free to view. Direct oral anticoagulants doacs are a new class of anticoagulants that directly inhibit either thrombin or factor xa in the coagulation cascade. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. View and download powerpoint presentations on xarelto ppt. The first drugs designed to inhibit platelets or coagulation factors, such as the antiplatelet clopidogrel and the anticoagulant warfarin, significantly reduced the risk of thrombotic events at the. Anticoagulant therapy has become increasingly common as more indications for anticoagulation such as coronary artery stent placement have arisen. Define how different classes of anticoagulant and fibrinolytic drugs interact with specific clotting factors and naturally occurring anticoagulants in the context of. Under normal circumstances, a delicate balance between coagulation and fibrinolysis prevents both thrombosis and hemorrhage. Hemorrhage is the main concerning adverse event with all anticoagulants. Anticoagulants are usually administered to patients with myocardial infarction, venous thrombosis, peripheral arterial emboli and pulmonary emboli.
These drugs tend to prevent new clots from forming or an existing clot from enlarging. Composed of platelet aggregates, fibrin, and trapped red blood cells, thrombi can form in arteries or veins. Know the properties of agents that can reverse the actions of heparin and the oral anticoagulants. It is also a valuable tool for clinicians providing a description of the mode of action and management of therapy for anticoagulant drugs used in daily clinical practice in different clinical settings, including direct oral anticoagulants dabigatran, rivaroxaban. Anticoagulants can be obtained naturally or derived synthetically. Discusses mechanism of action, dosing and target inrs, drug and food interactions, and patient counseling. Of these clotting factors, thrombin iia and activated factor x xa are believed to play the most critical role in hemostasis. An overview of the anticoagulant drugs used in routine clinical. Intrinsic pathway extrinsic pathway tissue injury blood vessel injury recall. Anticoagulants drugs that help prevent the clotting coagulation of blood coagulation will occur. Brahma department of pharmacology neigrihms, shillong 2.
Additionally, newer anticoagulant therapies have improved management and dosing of anticoagulants. Data sources include ibm watson micromedex updated 4 may 2020, cerner multum updated 4 may 2020, wolters kluwer updated. Contents blood coagulation anticoagulants classes of anticoagulants uses of anticoagulants indirectacting directacting surgery in patients receiving anticoagulant therapy the use of anticoagulants in pregnancy blood coagulation blood coagulation means the conversion of fluid blood to a solid gel or clot. Learn anticoagulant drugs pharmacology anticoagulants with free interactive flashcards.
Sulfated mucopolysaccharides heterogenous mechanism of action. Clinical pharmacology of oral anticoagulants in patients. Anticoagulant medications have served as the principle therapy to prevent thrombosis for a variety of cardiovascular diseases over many years. With their ubiquitous use, it becomes important for clinicians to have a sound understanding of anticoagulant pharmacology, dosing, and toxicity. Blood coagulation and anticoagulant, fibrinolytic, and. Pdf pharmacology and mechanisms of action of new oral. This book aims to explain how scientists unravel the many different ways medicines work in the body and how this information guides the hunt for drugs of the future. Lyse thrombi by catalyzing plasmin serine protease formation from plasminogen the zymogen precursor.
Example of naturally obtained anticoagulant is heparin while synthetically derived are warfarin, sodium citrate etc. The validity of therecommendation made at the earlier conferences, that the intensity ofwarfarin treatment should be reduced for many. Patients on anticoagulant therapy are at increased risk of epidural hematoma formation after placement or removal of epidural or spinal catheters. Anticoagulant mechanism, pharmacological activity, and. Set 1 powerpoint links collected from the website of. American college of chest physicians evidencebased clinical practice guidelines. Heparin was the initial anticoagulant developed and used in clinical care. Blood must remain fluid within the vasculature and yet clot quickly when exposed to subendothelial surfaces at sites of vascular injury. Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed. Blood coagulation and anticoagulant, fibrinolytic, and antiplatelet.
Ppt anticoagulant drugs powerpoint presentation free. The causes are blocked vessels and the resulting insu. Reversal strategies for intracranial hemorrhage related to. Drugs used in disorders of coagulation, in basic and clinical pharmacology, katzung, b. Title slide of pharmacology anticoagulation slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Here are a couple of questions related to the pharmacology of coagulation. The anticoagulant influence of warfarin is generally monitored every 24 weeks initially, but in stable patients may be evaluated every 23 months. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Direct oral anticoagulants doacs such as the direct factor xa inhibitors rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban or the direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran are attractive treatment options for hit 811 for several reasons. Antithrombotic drugs used to treat thrombosis include antiplatelet drugs, which inhibit platelet activation or aggregation. Warfarin is the oral anticoagulant with which clinicians have the most experience. A power point presentation on the fundamentals of anticoagulant drugs suitable for ug level medical students.
Anticoagulants, thrombolytics agents and antiplatelet drugs. Download pharmacology powerpoint lectures download free online book chm pdf. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about xarelto ppt. The dynamics of drug absorption, distribution, action and elimination. Anticoagulant drugs directly or indirectly influence coagulation factors preventing fibrin formation thus. Pharmacology anticoagulant, antiplatelet, and thrombolytic medications patients receiving any of the anticoagulant, antiplatelet, or thrombolytic medications are at. Because of the predominance of platelets and fibrin in thrombi, antithrombotic drugs used to treat thrombosis include antiplatelet drugs, which inhibit platelet activation or aggregation, anticoagulants, which attenuate fibrin formation, and fibrinolytic agents, which degrade fibrin.
It is a racemic mixture of two optically active isomers r and s in equal proportion. It is also a valuable tool for clinicians providing a description of the mode of action and management of therapy for anticoagulant drugs used in daily clinical practice in different clinical settings, including direct oral anticoagulants dabigatran. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Anticoagulant, thrombolytic, and antiplatelet drugs katzung 9th ed. Blood 2anticoagulant and procoagulant drugs authorstream. Image were created or taken from wikimedia commons i created this video with the youtube. The goodman and gilman has 15 sections covering 65 chapters and appendices which are listed as below. Warfarin powerpoint presentation cme at pharmacology corner. View coagulant and anticoagulant drugs ppts online, safely and virusfree. Critical facts if med school is a minnesota forest with millions of trees, these are the red pines 1. Department of pharmacology university of michigan medical school mode of action of antiplatelet agents ticlopidine ticlid platelet inhibition is irreversible. Pharmacology is a broad discipline encompassing every aspect of the study of drugs, including their discovery and development and the testing of their action in the body.
Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Goodman and gilman pharmacology pdf download medicforyou. Anticoagulant, antithrombotic and antiplatelet drugs. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Anticoagulation pharmacology kimberly chapin, pharm. Plateletaggregation inhibition is not significant until after approximately 4 days of regular dosing. Be able to describe the biochemical mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, contraindications and adverse effects of the specific anticoagulant and fibrinolytic agents listed above. Anticoagulants an anticoagulant is a drug that helps prevent the clotting coagulation of blood. Choose from 500 different sets of anticoagulant drugs pharmacology anticoagulants flashcards on quizlet. This anticoagulant removes the free calcium ion from solution through the addition of ammonium and potassium oxalate. Anticoagulant presentation coagulation body fluids. Xiia xii thromboplastin xia xi ixa ix viia xa x factors affected by heparin prothrombin vit. Anticoagulant, thrombolytic, and antiplatelet drugs.